当你看完这个的时候
视频中，800 万杯咖啡将
世界各地都喝醉了。
喝咖啡至少 1
半千年，有人说
影响如此之大，以至于它帮助燃料
启蒙运动催生了
一些支撑
我们所知的世界。
咖啡的主要活性成分是
咖啡因被认为是最
广泛使用的精神活性药物
行星。
那么咖啡从何而来，又有何意义？
我们喝了它对我们有什么影响吗？
咖啡来自咖啡树的果实
阿拉比卡咖啡植物起源于
埃塞俄比亚。一个故事
一位 9 世纪的牧羊人声称
卡尔迪看到他的山羊更加饱满
吃完咖啡豆后，他精力充沛，所以他
也吃了一口。历史悠久
记录表明也门的苏菲派
将咖啡豆的种子烘烤成
所熟知的饮料。
15 世纪，第一杯咖啡
房屋开始出现在奥斯曼帝国各地
帝国在传播到欧洲之前
几个世纪以来。咖啡馆
欧洲成为讨论的空间
商业、政治和新思想。
尤尔根·哈贝马斯 (Jurgen Habermas) 甚至
说如果没有咖啡，我们可能就不会
有启蒙运动
康德和伏尔泰等哲学家。
据说喝了72杯
有一天，开始质疑天主教
教会对世界的诠释。
相反，他们依靠科学，
相信宇宙中的一切
可以合理地解释。这
所谓的启蒙时代
彻底改变了我们所知的世界
它导致了推翻
君主制、民主的发展
以及无数的科学发现。
咖啡也助长了奴隶贸易。
法国人使用来自非洲的奴隶
海地的种植园，到早期
19 世纪巴西生产
全球三分之一的咖啡使用非洲
奴隶。
咖啡也催生了资本主义吗？
公司开始免费提供咖啡给
他们的工人，最终让他们
喝咖啡休息一下。这不是
利他行为。他们试图
提高工人的生产效率。
快进到现在，2
每年消耗十亿杯咖啡
天。
这是一个每年产值900亿美元的产业。
更重要的是，这是一个根本性的
数十亿人日常生活中的社会部分
人。所以。
咖啡对身体有何影响？
当咖啡因进入你的消化系统
系统，通过肠道吸收
进入血液。但效果
只有当咖啡因刺激神经时才会开始
系统。这是因为咖啡因
其化学结构非常类似于
我们自己产生的物质
身体，腺苷。
咖啡因与人体的腺苷结合
受体，可以在
神经细胞的表面。
就像用钥匙打开锁一样。
腺苷可以减缓
交感神经系统。它减少
你的心率并产生一种状态
困倦和放松。
通过阻断这些受体，咖啡因
产生相反的效果。你的血液
例如，压力可能会增加
稍微，特别是如果你不习惯
经常喝咖啡。同样如此
促进大脑活动。咖啡因刺激
大脑，抑制饥饿，并且
帮助你保持警觉状态
你可以集中注意力更长时间。
咖啡因可以产生积极的影响
你的情绪，抑制疲劳感，
并能提高身体机能，所以
许多运动员都以它作为补充。
这些影响可持续 15 分钟
和两个小时。身体会清除咖啡因
食用后 5 至 10 小时，但
咖啡因的残留效应甚至会持续
更长。
如果你想优化咖啡因的
专家建议，这对你的身体有影响
下午戒掉咖啡因
所以你的咖啡杯如下
早上的影响更大。
咖啡在制作时也需要小心
喝醉了。对于健康的成年人来说，
建议的最大限制为 400
毫克的咖啡因。这是
大约四五杯咖啡。
超过此限制可能会导致副作用
失眠、紧张等影响，
焦虑、心动过速、胃痛
不适、恶心和头痛。
会出现癫痫等毒性作用
在快速消耗大约
1200 毫克咖啡因。这就是
相当于约12杯咖啡。
当然，这些限制因人而异
有些人在基因上
对咖啡因更敏感。但是
适量饮用咖啡可以
对你的健康有益。例如，
它可以降低
2 型糖尿病、心血管
疾病、某些癌症和
帕金森症。这些健康益处
不仅仅与咖啡因有关。咖啡
含有其他有益物质，例如
绿原酸，一种有效的抗氧化剂
这可能会降低许多
疾病。所以下次你喝一杯
咖啡，你可能不会以同样的方式看待它
再次。
----------------------
By the time you finish watching this
video, 8 million cups of coffee will have
been drunk all over the world.
Coffee has been consumed for at least 1
1/2 thousand years, and some say its
impact is so great that it helped fuel
the Enlightenment, which gave rise to
some of the big ideas that underpin the
world as we know it.
The main active ingredient of coffee is
caffeine, which is considered the most
widely consumed psychoactive drug on the
planet.
So where does coffee come from and what
does it do to us when we drink it?
Coffee comes from the fruit of the Coffea
Arabica plant that originated in
Ethiopia. One story
claims a 9th century goat herder called
Kaldi saw his goats were more full of
energy after eating coffee berries, so he
had a bite too. Historic
records suggest the Sufis of Yemen
roasted the seed of the coffee Berry to
create the beverage we recognise today.
In the 15th century, the first coffee
houses began to appear across the Ottoman
Empire before spreading to Europe in the
following centuries. Coffee houses in
Europe became a space for discussing
business, politics and new ideas.
One academic, Jurgen Habermas, even
says without coffee, we might not have
had the Enlightenment
philosophers like Kant and Voltaire. Who
is said to have drunk as many as 72 cups
a day, started to question the Catholic
Church's interpretation of the world.
Instead, they looked to science,
believing that everything in the universe
could be rationally explained. This
so-called Age of Enlightenment
radically changed the world as we knew
it. It led to the overthrow of
monarchs, the growth of democracy
and numerous scientific discoveries.
Coffee also fuelled the slave trade.
The French used slaves from Africa on
plantations in Haiti, and by the early
1800s Brazil was producing
1/3 of the world's coffee using African
slaves.
Did coffee give rise to capitalism too?
Companies started giving away coffee to
their workers and eventually let them
have coffee breaks. This wasn't an
altruistic move. They were trying to
increase worker productivity.
Fast forward to the present and 2
billion cups of coffee are consumed every
day.
It's a $90 billion a year industry.
And more than that, it is a fundamental
social part of everyday life for billions
of people. So.
How does coffee impact the body?
When caffeine enters your digestive
system, it's absorbed via the intestine
into the bloodstream. But the effects
only start when caffeine hits the nervous
system. This happens because caffeine
has a chemical structure very similar to
that of a substance produced by our own
body, adenosine.
Caffeine binds to the body's adenosine
receptors, which can be found on the
surface of nerve cells.
It's like a key opening a lock.
Adenosine is known to slow down the
sympathetic nervous system. It reduces
your heart rate and generates a state of
drowsiness and relaxation.
By blocking these receptors, caffeine
generates the opposite effect. Your blood
pressure, for example, may increase
slightly, especially if you are not used
to drinking coffee often. The same goes
for brain activity. Caffeine stimulates
the brain, suppresses hunger, and
helps you stay in a state of alertness so
you can concentrate for longer.
Caffeine can have a positive impact on
your mood, inhibit feelings of fatigue,
and can improve physical performance, so
many athletes use it as a supplement.
These effects can last between 15 minutes
and two hours. The body removes caffeine
5 to 10 hours after consuming it, but
caffeine's residual effects can last even
longer.
If you want to optimise caffeine's
effects on your body, experts suggest
abstaining from caffeine in the afternoon
so your cup of coffee the following
morning has more impact.
Coffee also requires care when it's
drunk. For healthy adults, the
recommended maximum limit is 400
milligrams of caffeine a day. That's
about four or five cups of coffee.
Exceeding this limit can lead to side
effects such as insomnia, nervousness,
anxiety, tachycardia, stomach
discomfort, nausea and headache.
Toxic effects like seizures can be seen
after the rapid consumption of around
1200 milligrams of caffeine. That's the
equivalent of around 12 cups of coffee.
Of course, these limits vary from person
to person. Some people are genetically
more sensitive to caffeine. But
when drunk in moderation, coffee can be
good for your health. For instance,
it's associated with a reduced risk for
type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular
disease, some cancers, and
Parkinson's. And these health gains
aren't just linked to caffeine. Coffee
has other beneficial substances, such as
chlorogenic acid, a potent antioxidant
that may reduce the risk of many
diseases. So next time you grab a cup of
coffee, you might not look at it the same
again.
0 留言