冰岛这部分地区是
世界上最活跃的火山
热点。
克拉斯勒火山已经喷发了 30 次
1000 年前，最后一次爆炸发生在
20 世纪 80 年代。尽管
听起来很疯狂，科学家们现在
准备钻进去。
这个想法是为了更多地了解如何
火山的行为是为了让我们能够更好地
预测火山爆发，并
利用超热能源。
火山可能很壮观，但是
它们也具有毁灭性。
全世界有数百万人
靠近他们。在冰岛，居民
格林达维克的生活被彻底颠覆
通过一系列的火山喷发。
但这里的研究人员希望他们的工作
将改变这一现状，帮助拯救生命
和金钱，同时也是开拓者
一种火山力量。
我们有大约 40 口井分布在
地热场，产生
热水和蒸汽的混合物。
该电厂为大约
不久后，
50年前开始运营。
克雷夫勒开始清醒
又开始有火山了
距离火山仅两公里
我们现在所处的位置。这是一个
非常有力地表明
热量从哪里来？
利用这些新线索，科学家们开始
在这个地方钻孔
2009 年，他们偶然发现了
非凡的发现。
浅浅的岩浆袋。我们
目标是钻至 4.5公里
完全没有想到会击中
岩浆深度仅 2.1公里，
比
科学家们从未想象过。
熔岩产生的极高热量
摧毁了他们的装备。我们能够
测量来自
它，这个好。生产约10次
比平均水平更高
位置，给了我们非常强大的
极其
我们可能正在设置的强大资源
现在 A 队
来自 KMT 的Kraflow Magma
Testbed 项目想要找到它
再次。就在这里，2
几公里深的地方是一片炽热的
岩浆房和科学家们
准备深入钻探。
进入它。从
2026 年，他们将开始
第一个地下岩浆
天文台。我们基本上是站在
我们要钻孔的地点。
我们想要做的基本上是
彻底改变我们的监控方式
火山。我们计划在
岩浆、温度和压力
传感器。这将使我们能够预测
更准确地说是火山活动。所以
这将改变我们
预测火山爆发。
有了第二口井，他们将利用
极端高温，形成了
被称为岩浆附近
地热能。计划是钻探
距离岩浆本身仅一步之遥，
可能会用
地热资源，位于
就在岩浆体上方。我们认为
大约是 5 到 600 度
摄氏度。只有两个球洞
kind 可以匹配这个的输出
整个工厂。我们现在需要
为发电厂提供
22 口正常井。因此
明显的游戏规则改变者
并且还有令人兴奋的可能性
潜力无限、廉价、清洁
能量。这是我们生活的重要组成部分
将地热能带到下一个
水平，当然也占很大一部分
在绿色能源转型中。
但钻探在技术上
具有挑战性。在大学
冰岛，实验室工作正在进行测试
耐高温和
压力。这是碳钢，因此
地热使用的典型材料
这些碳钢材料
之后很快就失去力量
200 摄氏度，而且它们也不是
耐腐蚀。所以我们必须
探索新材料和更多腐蚀
耐高温合金。它们
工作温度高达 500
度和腐蚀性气体。
我们一直专注于高
级合金、镍合金以及
钛合金。
但还有一个问题
外面。这一切听起来有点
有点冒险。这样做安全吗？
这？我们认为，采取。针
进入一个巨大的岩浆房是不会的
产生爆炸性的效果。这发生了
2009 年，他们发现
可能之前做过几次
甚至都不知道。所以我们相信
它是安全的
我们的团队认为这可能是
世界各地都效仿。
关于浅层岩浆体的迹象
东非、美国和
夏威夷，可能就是这种。
地热发电可以
已应用于许多其他地点
在世界各地，我们积极
火山。所以这太疯狂了
听起来计划实际上可能有很大
潜在的。
---------------------------------
In this part of Iceland is one of the
world's most active volcanic
hotspots.
Crassler has erupted 30 times in
1000 years and last blew in the
1980s. And though it may
sound crazy, scientists are now
preparing to drill. Into it.
The idea is to learn more about how
volcanoes behave so that we can better
predict eruptions and also
tap into a super hot source of energy.
Volcanoes can be spectacular, but
they're also devastating.
Around the world, millions of people live
close to them. Here in Iceland, residents
of Grindavik have had their lives upended
by a string of eruptions.
But researchers here hope their work
will change that, helping to save lives
and money while also pioneering
a form of volcano power.
We have about 40 wells spread around the
geothermal field, producing a
mixture of hot water and steam.
This plant supplies electricity to about
30,000 homes soon after it
began operations 5 decades ago.
Kreffler began to wake up
again. We started to have volcanic
eruption only two kilometres away from
where we are standing now. This was a
very strong indication about where the
heat was coming from.
Using those new clues, scientists began
drilling in this spot where in
2009 they stumbled across an
extraordinary discovery.
Shallow pockets of magma. We
were aiming to drill to 4.5 kilometres
and were absolutely not expecting to hit
magma at only 2.1 kilometre depth,
much closer to the surface than
scientists ever imagined. The
extreme heat from this molten rock
destroyed their equipment. We were able
to measure the power that comes out of
it, this well. Produced about 10 times
more than the average well in this
location, giving us a very strong
indication of the extremely
powerful resource that we may be setting
up. Now A-Team
from KMT, the Kraflow Magma
Testbed project want to find it
again. Right here, 2
kilometres down is a red hot
magma chamber and scientists are
preparing to drill down.
Into it. Starting in
2026, they'll begin work on the
first ever underground magma
observatory. We are basically standing on
the spot where we are going to drill.
What we want to do is to basically
revolutionize the way we monitor
volcanoes. We plan to place sensors in
the magma, temperature and pressure
sensors. This will allow us to predict
with more accuracy volcanic activity. So
this will change how we
predict eruptions.
With the second well, they'll harness
that extreme heat, developing what's
called near magma
geothermal. The plan is to drill
just short of the magma itself,
possibly poke it a little bit with the
geothermal resource, which is located
just above the magma body. We believe
that is around 5 to 600 degrees
Celsius. Just two ball holes of this
kind could match the output of this
entire plant. We now today need
to feed the power plant with
22 normal wells. So there is
an obvious game changer
and there's the exciting possibility of
potentially limitless, cheap, clean
energy. This is a big part of how we are
going to take geothermal to the next
level and also of course a huge part
in the green energy transition.
But the drilling will be technically
challenging. At the University of
Iceland, lab work is underway testing
materials to withstand extreme heat and
pressure. This is carbon steel, so the
typical material used in the geothermal
wells. These carbon steel materials
lose strength quite quickly after
200 degrees Celsius and they're also not
corrosion resistant. So we have to
explore new materials and more corrosion
resistant alloys. They're
working with temperatures of up to 500
degrees and corrosive gases.
We have been focusing on high
grade alloys, nickel alloys and also
titanium alloys.
But there's still one question from the
outside. All this sounds just a little
bit risky. Is it going to be safe to do
this?We believe that taking a. Needle
into a huge magma chamber is not going to
create an explosive effect. This happened
in 2009 and they found out that they had
probably done this a few times before
without even knowing it. So we believe
it's safe
and the team here think this could be
replicated around the world. There are
indications about shallow magma bodies in
East Africa, in the US and in
Hawaii, possibly this kind of.
Geothermal power production can be
applied in many, many other locations
around the world where we have active
volcanoes. So this crazy
sounding plan may actually have huge
potential.
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